Chapters On Al-Qadar

حَدَّثَنَا بُنْدَارٌ، قال: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَرِيرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا صَاحِبٌ، لَنَا عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ يُعْدِي شَيْءٌ شَيْئًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الْبَعِيرُ الْجَرِبُ الْحَشَفَةُ نُدْبِنُهُ فَيُجْرِبُ الإِبِلَ كُلَّهَا ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ فَمَنْ أَجْرَبَ الأَوَّلَ لاَ عَدْوَى وَلاَ صَفَرَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ كُلَّ نَفْسٍ وَكَتَبَ حَيَاتَهَا وَرِزْقَهَا وَمَصَائِبَهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَنَسٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ صَفْوَانَ الثَّقَفِيَّ الْبَصْرِيَّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْمَدِينِيِّ يَقُولُ لَوْ حَلَفْتُ بَيْنَ الرُّكْنِ وَالْمَقَامِ لَحَلفْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَرَ أَحَدًا أَعْلَمَ مِنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ ‏.‏

"The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) stood among us and said: 'One thing does not infect another.' So a Bedouin said: 'O Messenger of Allah! If a camel gets mangy glands and we leave it at the resting place of camels, then all of the camels get mange?' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'Who caused the first to get mange? There is no 'Adwa nor safar. Allah created every soul, so he wrote its life, its provision, and its afflictions.'" Note: The majority of scholars interpret this to mean that these things in and of themselves do not transmit or cause harm through supernatural or hidden means but that Allah is ultimately in control and any fearful superstition around these is false.

"‏ لاَ يُؤْمِنُ عَبْدٌ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ أَنَّ مَا أَصَابَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُخْطِئَهُ وَأَنَّ مَا أَخْطَأَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُصِيبَهُ ‏"

'A slave (of Allah) shall not believe until he believes in Al-Qadar, its good and its bad, such that he knows that what struck him would not have missed him, and that what missed him would not have struck him."

"‏ لاَ يُؤْمِنُ عَبْدٌ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِأَرْبَعٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ وَيُؤْمِنُ بِالْمَوْتِ وَبِالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَيُؤْمِنُ بِالْقَدَرِ ‏"

'A slave (of Allah) shall not believe until he believes in four: The testimony of La Ilaha Illallah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah whom He sent with the Truth, and he believes in the death, and he believes in the Resurrection after death, and he believes in Al-Qadar." Another chain reports a similar narration.

"‏ لاَ يُؤْمِنُ عَبْدٌ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِأَرْبَعٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ وَيُؤْمِنُ بِالْمَوْتِ وَبِالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَيُؤْمِنُ بِالْقَدَرِ ‏"

'A slave (of Allah) shall not believe until he believes in four: The testimony of La Ilaha Illallah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah whom He sent with the Truth, and he believes in the death, and he believes in the Resurrection after death, and he believes in Al-Qadar." Another chain reports a similar narration.

"‏ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ لِعَبْدٍ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِأَرْضٍ جَعَلَ لَهُ إِلَيْهَا حَاجَةً ‏"

"When Allah decrees that a slave (of His) is to die in a land, He makes him have some need from it." Another chain reports a similar narration.

"‏ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ لِعَبْدٍ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِأَرْضٍ جَعَلَ لَهُ إِلَيْهَا حَاجَةً ‏"

"When Allah decrees that a slave (of His) is to die in a land, He makes him have some need from it." Another chain reports a similar narration.

"‏ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ لِعَبْدٍ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِأَرْضٍ جَعَلَ لَهُ إِلَيْهَا حَاجَةً أَوْ قَالَ بِهَا حَاجَةً ‏"

"When Allah decrees that a slave (of His) is to die in a land, He makes him have some need from it." Or, he said: "In it."

"‏ هِيَ مِنْ قَدَرِ اللَّهِ ‏"

"O Messenger of Allah! Do you think that the Ruqyah we use, the treatments we use, and what we seek to protect ourselves with prevent anything from Allah's Decree?' He said: 'They are from Allah's Decree.'"

"‏ صِنْفَانِ مِنْ أُمَّتِي لَيْسَ لَهُمَا فِي الإِسْلاَمِ نَصِيبٌ الْمُرْجِئَةُ وَالْقَدَرِيَّةُ ‏"

"There are two groups in my Ummah for whom there is no share in Islam: The Murji'ah and the Qadariyyah." Another chain reports a similar narration.

"‏ مَثَلُ ابْنِ آدَمَ وَإِلَى جَنْبِهِ تِسْعٌ وَتِسْعُونَ مَنِيَّةً إِنْ أَخْطَأَتْهُ الْمَنَايَا وَقَعَ فِي الْهَرَمِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ ‏"

'Ibn Adam was fashioned with ninety-nine calamities surrounding him, if the calamities miss him, he is stricken by decrepitude until he dies."